Fix FairSemaphore bugs

- `acquire` and `acquire_all` futures were `!Send`, even for `M: RawMutex + Send` due to the captured `Cell`.
- If multiple `acquire` tasks were queued, waking the first would not wake the second, even if there were permits remaining after the first `acquire` completed.

embassy-sync/src/semaphore.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 //! A synchronization primitive for controlling access to a pool of resources.
 use core::cell::{Cell, RefCell};
 use core::convert::Infallible;
-use core::future::poll_fn;
+use core::future::{poll_fn, Future};
-use core::mem::MaybeUninit;
 use core::task::{Poll, Waker};
 
 use heapless::Deque;
@@ -258,9 +257,9 @@ where
         &self,
         permits: usize,
         acquire_all: bool,
-        cx: Option<(&Cell<Option<usize>>, &Waker)>,
+        cx: Option<(&mut Option<usize>, &Waker)>,
     ) -> Poll<Result<SemaphoreReleaser<'_, Self>, WaitQueueFull>> {
-        let ticket = cx.as_ref().map(|(cell, _)| cell.get()).unwrap_or(None);
+        let ticket = cx.as_ref().map(|(x, _)| **x).unwrap_or(None);
         self.state.lock(|cell| {
             let mut state = cell.borrow_mut();
             if let Some(permits) = state.take(ticket, permits, acquire_all) {
@@ -268,10 +267,10 @@ where
                     semaphore: self,
                     permits,
                 }))
-            } else if let Some((cell, waker)) = cx {
+            } else if let Some((ticket_ref, waker)) = cx {
                 match state.register(ticket, waker) {
                     Ok(ticket) => {
-                        cell.set(Some(ticket));
+                        *ticket_ref = Some(ticket);
                         Poll::Pending
                     }
                     Err(err) => Poll::Ready(Err(err)),
@@ -291,10 +290,12 @@ pub struct WaitQueueFull;
 impl<M: RawMutex, const N: usize> Semaphore for FairSemaphore<M, N> {
     type Error = WaitQueueFull;
 
-    async fn acquire(&self, permits: usize) -> Result<SemaphoreReleaser<'_, Self>, Self::Error> {
+    fn acquire(&self, permits: usize) -> impl Future<Output = Result<SemaphoreReleaser<'_, Self>, Self::Error>> {
-        let ticket = Cell::new(None);
+        FairAcquire {
-        let _guard = OnDrop::new(|| self.state.lock(|cell| cell.borrow_mut().cancel(ticket.get())));
+            sema: self,
-        poll_fn(|cx| self.poll_acquire(permits, false, Some((&ticket, cx.waker())))).await
+            permits,
+            ticket: None,
+        }
     }
 
     fn try_acquire(&self, permits: usize) -> Option<SemaphoreReleaser<'_, Self>> {
@@ -304,10 +305,12 @@ impl<M: RawMutex, const N: usize> Semaphore for FairSemaphore<M, N> {
         }
     }
 
-    async fn acquire_all(&self, min: usize) -> Result<SemaphoreReleaser<'_, Self>, Self::Error> {
+    fn acquire_all(&self, min: usize) -> impl Future<Output = Result<SemaphoreReleaser<'_, Self>, Self::Error>> {
-        let ticket = Cell::new(None);
+        FairAcquireAll {
-        let _guard = OnDrop::new(|| self.state.lock(|cell| cell.borrow_mut().cancel(ticket.get())));
+            sema: self,
-        poll_fn(|cx| self.poll_acquire(min, true, Some((&ticket, cx.waker())))).await
+            min,
+            ticket: None,
+        }
     }
 
     fn try_acquire_all(&self, min: usize) -> Option<SemaphoreReleaser<'_, Self>> {
@@ -338,6 +341,52 @@ impl<M: RawMutex, const N: usize> Semaphore for FairSemaphore<M, N> {
     }
 }
 
+struct FairAcquire<'a, M: RawMutex, const N: usize> {
+    sema: &'a FairSemaphore<M, N>,
+    permits: usize,
+    ticket: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, M: RawMutex, const N: usize> Drop for FairAcquire<'a, M, N> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        self.sema
+            .state
+            .lock(|cell| cell.borrow_mut().cancel(self.ticket.take()));
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, M: RawMutex, const N: usize> core::future::Future for FairAcquire<'a, M, N> {
+    type Output = Result<SemaphoreReleaser<'a, FairSemaphore<M, N>>, WaitQueueFull>;
+
+    fn poll(mut self: core::pin::Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut core::task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
+        self.sema
+            .poll_acquire(self.permits, false, Some((&mut self.ticket, cx.waker())))
+    }
+}
+
+struct FairAcquireAll<'a, M: RawMutex, const N: usize> {
+    sema: &'a FairSemaphore<M, N>,
+    min: usize,
+    ticket: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, M: RawMutex, const N: usize> Drop for FairAcquireAll<'a, M, N> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        self.sema
+            .state
+            .lock(|cell| cell.borrow_mut().cancel(self.ticket.take()));
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, M: RawMutex, const N: usize> core::future::Future for FairAcquireAll<'a, M, N> {
+    type Output = Result<SemaphoreReleaser<'a, FairSemaphore<M, N>>, WaitQueueFull>;
+
+    fn poll(mut self: core::pin::Pin<&mut Self>, cx: &mut core::task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
+        self.sema
+            .poll_acquire(self.min, true, Some((&mut self.ticket, cx.waker())))
+    }
+}
+
 struct FairSemaphoreState<const N: usize> {
     permits: usize,
     next_ticket: usize,
@@ -406,6 +455,9 @@ impl<const N: usize> FairSemaphoreState<N> {
 
         if ticket.is_some() {
             self.pop();
+            if self.permits > 0 {
+                self.wake();
+            }
         }
 
         Some(permits)
@@ -432,25 +484,6 @@ impl<const N: usize> FairSemaphoreState<N> {
     }
 }
 
-/// A type to delay the drop handler invocation.
-#[must_use = "to delay the drop handler invocation to the end of the scope"]
-struct OnDrop<F: FnOnce()> {
-    f: MaybeUninit<F>,
-}
-
-impl<F: FnOnce()> OnDrop<F> {
-    /// Create a new instance.
-    pub fn new(f: F) -> Self {
-        Self { f: MaybeUninit::new(f) }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<F: FnOnce()> Drop for OnDrop<F> {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        unsafe { self.f.as_ptr().read()() }
-    }
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     mod greedy {
@@ -574,11 +607,16 @@ mod tests {
 
     mod fair {
         use core::pin::pin;
+        use core::time::Duration;
 
+        use futures_executor::ThreadPool;
+        use futures_timer::Delay;
         use futures_util::poll;
+        use futures_util::task::SpawnExt;
+        use static_cell::StaticCell;
 
         use super::super::*;
-        use crate::blocking_mutex::raw::NoopRawMutex;
+        use crate::blocking_mutex::raw::{CriticalSectionRawMutex, NoopRawMutex};
 
         #[test]
         fn try_acquire() {
@@ -700,5 +738,35 @@ mod tests {
             let c = poll!(c_fut.as_mut());
             assert!(c.is_ready());
         }
+
+        #[futures_test::test]
+        async fn wakers() {
+            let executor = ThreadPool::new().unwrap();
+
+            static SEMAPHORE: StaticCell<FairSemaphore<CriticalSectionRawMutex, 2>> = StaticCell::new();
+            let semaphore = &*SEMAPHORE.init(FairSemaphore::new(3));
+
+            let a = semaphore.try_acquire(2);
+            assert!(a.is_some());
+
+            let b_task = executor
+                .spawn_with_handle(async move { semaphore.acquire(2).await })
+                .unwrap();
+            while semaphore.state.lock(|x| x.borrow().wakers.is_empty()) {
+                Delay::new(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;
+            }
+
+            let c_task = executor
+                .spawn_with_handle(async move { semaphore.acquire(1).await })
+                .unwrap();
+
+            core::mem::drop(a);
+
+            let b = b_task.await.unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(b.permits(), 2);
+
+            let c = c_task.await.unwrap();
+            assert_eq!(c.permits(), 1);
+        }
     }
 }