Merge #1480

1480: stm32: Async flash support for F4 r=rmja a=rmja

This PR depends on https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy/pull/1478.

It adds async write/erase operations to the F4 series based on the work in https://github.com/embassy-rs/embassy/pull/870 but aligned to the new flash regions.

If one considers the entire `Flash` then nothing has changed other than the async operations have been added.



Co-authored-by: Rasmus Melchior Jacobsen <rmja@laesoe.org>

embassy-stm32/Cargo.toml

@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ embedded-hal-async = { version = "=0.2.0-alpha.1", optional = true}
 embedded-hal-nb = { version = "=1.0.0-alpha.2", optional = true}
 
 embedded-storage = "0.3.0"
+embedded-storage-async = { version = "0.4.0", optional = true }
 
 defmt = { version = "0.3", optional = true }
 log = { version = "0.4.14", optional = true }
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ time-driver-tim12 = ["_time-driver"]
 time-driver-tim15 = ["_time-driver"]
 
 # Enable nightly-only features
-nightly = ["embassy-executor/nightly", "embedded-hal-1", "embedded-hal-async", "dep:embedded-io", "dep:embassy-usb-driver", "embassy-embedded-hal/nightly"]
+nightly = ["embassy-executor/nightly", "embedded-hal-1", "embedded-hal-async", "embedded-storage-async", "dep:embedded-io", "dep:embassy-usb-driver", "embassy-embedded-hal/nightly"]
 
 # Reexport stm32-metapac at `embassy_stm32::pac`.
 # This is unstable because semver-minor (non-breaking) releases of embassy-stm32 may major-bump (breaking) the stm32-metapac version.

embassy-stm32/build.rs

@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ fn main() {
         let region_type = format_ident!("{}", get_flash_region_type_name(region.name));
         flash_regions.extend(quote! {
             #[cfg(flash)]
-            pub struct #region_type<'d>(pub &'static crate::flash::FlashRegion, pub(crate) embassy_hal_common::PeripheralRef<'d, crate::peripherals::FLASH>,);
+            pub struct #region_type<'d, MODE = crate::flash::Async>(pub &'static crate::flash::FlashRegion, pub(crate) embassy_hal_common::PeripheralRef<'d, crate::peripherals::FLASH>, pub(crate) core::marker::PhantomData<MODE>);
         });
     }
 
@@ -224,11 +224,11 @@ fn main() {
             let field_name = format_ident!("{}", region_name.to_lowercase());
             let field_type = format_ident!("{}", get_flash_region_type_name(f.name));
             let field = quote! {
-                pub #field_name: #field_type<'d>
+                pub #field_name: #field_type<'d, MODE>
             };
             let region_name = format_ident!("{}", region_name);
             let init = quote! {
-                #field_name: #field_type(&#region_name, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked()})
+                #field_name: #field_type(&#region_name, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked()}, core::marker::PhantomData)
             };
 
             (field, (init, region_name))
@@ -238,15 +238,17 @@ fn main() {
     let regions_len = flash_memory_regions.len();
     flash_regions.extend(quote! {
         #[cfg(flash)]
-        pub struct FlashLayout<'d> {
+        pub struct FlashLayout<'d, MODE = crate::flash::Async> {
-            #(#fields),*
+            #(#fields),*,
+            _mode: core::marker::PhantomData<MODE>,
         }
 
         #[cfg(flash)]
-        impl<'d> FlashLayout<'d> {
+        impl<'d, MODE> FlashLayout<'d, MODE> {
             pub(crate) fn new(p: embassy_hal_common::PeripheralRef<'d, crate::peripherals::FLASH>) -> Self {
                 Self {
-                    #(#inits),*
+                    #(#inits),*,
+                    _mode: core::marker::PhantomData,
                 }
             }
         }

embassy-stm32/src/flash/asynch.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+use core::marker::PhantomData;
+
+use atomic_polyfill::{fence, Ordering};
+use embassy_cortex_m::interrupt::{Interrupt, InterruptExt};
+use embassy_hal_common::drop::OnDrop;
+use embassy_hal_common::into_ref;
+use embassy_sync::blocking_mutex::raw::CriticalSectionRawMutex;
+use embassy_sync::mutex::Mutex;
+
+use super::{
+    blocking_read, ensure_sector_aligned, family, get_sector, Async, Error, Flash, FlashLayout, FLASH_BASE, FLASH_SIZE,
+    WRITE_SIZE,
+};
+use crate::peripherals::FLASH;
+use crate::{interrupt, Peripheral};
+
+pub(super) static REGION_ACCESS: Mutex<CriticalSectionRawMutex, ()> = Mutex::new(());
+
+impl<'d> Flash<'d, Async> {
+    pub fn new(
+        p: impl Peripheral<P = FLASH> + 'd,
+        _irq: impl interrupt::Binding<crate::interrupt::FLASH, InterruptHandler> + 'd,
+    ) -> Self {
+        into_ref!(p);
+
+        let flash_irq = unsafe { crate::interrupt::FLASH::steal() };
+        flash_irq.unpend();
+        flash_irq.enable();
+
+        Self {
+            inner: p,
+            _mode: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn into_regions(self) -> FlashLayout<'d, Async> {
+        family::set_default_layout();
+        FlashLayout::new(self.inner)
+    }
+
+    pub async fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        unsafe { write_chunked(FLASH_BASE as u32, FLASH_SIZE as u32, offset, bytes).await }
+    }
+
+    pub async fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        unsafe { erase_sectored(FLASH_BASE as u32, from, to).await }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Interrupt handler
+pub struct InterruptHandler;
+
+impl interrupt::Handler<crate::interrupt::FLASH> for InterruptHandler {
+    unsafe fn on_interrupt() {
+        family::on_interrupt();
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+impl embedded_storage_async::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for Flash<'_, Async> {
+    const READ_SIZE: usize = super::READ_SIZE;
+
+    async fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        self.read(offset, bytes)
+    }
+
+    fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
+        FLASH_SIZE
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+impl embedded_storage_async::nor_flash::NorFlash for Flash<'_, Async> {
+    const WRITE_SIZE: usize = WRITE_SIZE;
+    const ERASE_SIZE: usize = super::MAX_ERASE_SIZE;
+
+    async fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        self.write(offset, bytes).await
+    }
+
+    async fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+        self.erase(from, to).await
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) async unsafe fn write_chunked(base: u32, size: u32, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    if offset + bytes.len() as u32 > size {
+        return Err(Error::Size);
+    }
+    if offset % WRITE_SIZE as u32 != 0 || bytes.len() % WRITE_SIZE != 0 {
+        return Err(Error::Unaligned);
+    }
+
+    let mut address = base + offset;
+    trace!("Writing {} bytes at 0x{:x}", bytes.len(), address);
+
+    for chunk in bytes.chunks(WRITE_SIZE) {
+        family::clear_all_err();
+        fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+        family::unlock();
+        fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+        family::enable_write();
+        fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+
+        let _on_drop = OnDrop::new(|| {
+            family::disable_write();
+            fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+            family::lock();
+        });
+
+        family::write(address, chunk.try_into().unwrap()).await?;
+        address += WRITE_SIZE as u32;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+pub(super) async unsafe fn erase_sectored(base: u32, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let start_address = base + from;
+    let end_address = base + to;
+    let regions = family::get_flash_regions();
+
+    ensure_sector_aligned(start_address, end_address, regions)?;
+
+    trace!("Erasing from 0x{:x} to 0x{:x}", start_address, end_address);
+
+    let mut address = start_address;
+    while address < end_address {
+        let sector = get_sector(address, regions);
+        trace!("Erasing sector: {:?}", sector);
+
+        family::clear_all_err();
+        fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+        family::unlock();
+        fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+
+        let _on_drop = OnDrop::new(|| family::lock());
+
+        family::erase_sector(&sector).await?;
+        address += sector.size;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+foreach_flash_region! {
+    ($type_name:ident, $write_size:literal, $erase_size:literal) => {
+        impl crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, Async> {
+            pub async fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+                blocking_read(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes)
+            }
+
+            pub async fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+                let _guard = REGION_ACCESS.lock().await;
+                unsafe { write_chunked(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes).await }
+            }
+
+            pub async fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+                let _guard = REGION_ACCESS.lock().await;
+                unsafe { erase_sectored(self.0.base, from, to).await }
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+        impl embedded_storage_async::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, Async> {
+            const READ_SIZE: usize = super::READ_SIZE;
+
+            async fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+                self.read(offset, bytes).await
+            }
+
+            fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
+                self.0.size as usize
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+        impl embedded_storage_async::nor_flash::NorFlash for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, Async> {
+            const WRITE_SIZE: usize = $write_size;
+            const ERASE_SIZE: usize = $erase_size;
+
+            async fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+                self.write(offset, bytes).await
+            }
+
+            async fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+                self.erase(from, to).await
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}

embassy-stm32/src/flash/common.rs

@@ -1,40 +1,57 @@
+use core::marker::PhantomData;
+
 use atomic_polyfill::{fence, Ordering};
 use embassy_hal_common::drop::OnDrop;
 use embassy_hal_common::{into_ref, PeripheralRef};
+use stm32_metapac::FLASH_BASE;
 
-use super::{family, Error, FlashLayout, FlashRegion, FlashSector, FLASH_BASE, FLASH_SIZE, MAX_ERASE_SIZE, WRITE_SIZE};
+use super::{
-use crate::flash::FlashBank;
+    family, Async, Blocking, Error, FlashBank, FlashLayout, FlashRegion, FlashSector, FLASH_SIZE, MAX_ERASE_SIZE,
+    READ_SIZE, WRITE_SIZE,
+};
+use crate::peripherals::FLASH;
 use crate::Peripheral;
 
-pub struct Flash<'d> {
+pub struct Flash<'d, MODE = Async> {
-    inner: PeripheralRef<'d, crate::peripherals::FLASH>,
+    pub(crate) inner: PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>,
+    pub(crate) _mode: PhantomData<MODE>,
 }
 
-impl<'d> Flash<'d> {
+impl<'d> Flash<'d, Blocking> {
-    pub fn new(p: impl Peripheral<P = crate::peripherals::FLASH> + 'd) -> Self {
+    pub fn new_blocking(p: impl Peripheral<P = FLASH> + 'd) -> Self {
         into_ref!(p);
-        Self { inner: p }
-    }
 
-    pub fn into_regions(self) -> FlashLayout<'d> {
+        Self {
+            inner: p,
+            _mode: PhantomData,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'d, MODE> Flash<'d, MODE> {
+    pub fn into_blocking_regions(self) -> FlashLayout<'d, Blocking> {
         family::set_default_layout();
-        FlashLayout::new(self.release())
+        FlashLayout::new(self.inner)
     }
 
-    pub fn blocking_read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
         blocking_read(FLASH_BASE as u32, FLASH_SIZE as u32, offset, bytes)
     }
 
     pub fn blocking_write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        unsafe { blocking_write_chunked(FLASH_BASE as u32, FLASH_SIZE as u32, offset, bytes) }
+        unsafe {
+            blocking_write(
+                FLASH_BASE as u32,
+                FLASH_SIZE as u32,
+                offset,
+                bytes,
+                write_chunk_unlocked,
+            )
+        }
     }
 
     pub fn blocking_erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        unsafe { blocking_erase_sectored(FLASH_BASE as u32, from, to) }
+        unsafe { blocking_erase(FLASH_BASE as u32, from, to, erase_sector_unlocked) }
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) fn release(self) -> PeripheralRef<'d, crate::peripherals::FLASH> {
-        unsafe { self.inner.clone_unchecked() }
     }
 }
 
@@ -44,12 +61,22 @@ pub(super) fn blocking_read(base: u32, size: u32, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8])
     }
 
     let start_address = base + offset;
+
+    #[cfg(flash_f4)]
+    family::assert_not_corrupted_read(start_address + bytes.len() as u32);
+
     let flash_data = unsafe { core::slice::from_raw_parts(start_address as *const u8, bytes.len()) };
     bytes.copy_from_slice(flash_data);
     Ok(())
 }
 
-pub(super) unsafe fn blocking_write_chunked(base: u32, size: u32, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+pub(super) unsafe fn blocking_write(
+    base: u32,
+    size: u32,
+    offset: u32,
+    bytes: &[u8],
+    write_chunk: unsafe fn(u32, &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error>,
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
     if offset + bytes.len() as u32 > size {
         return Err(Error::Size);
     }
@@ -61,44 +88,44 @@ pub(super) unsafe fn blocking_write_chunked(base: u32, size: u32, offset: u32, b
     trace!("Writing {} bytes at 0x{:x}", bytes.len(), address);
 
     for chunk in bytes.chunks(WRITE_SIZE) {
-        critical_section::with(|_| {
+        write_chunk(address, chunk)?;
-            family::clear_all_err();
-            fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
-            family::unlock();
-            fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
-            family::begin_write();
-            fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
-
-            let _on_drop = OnDrop::new(|| {
-                family::end_write();
-                fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
-                family::lock();
-            });
-
-            family::blocking_write(address, chunk.try_into().unwrap())
-        })?;
         address += WRITE_SIZE as u32;
     }
     Ok(())
 }
 
-pub(super) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sectored(base: u32, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+pub(super) unsafe fn write_chunk_unlocked(address: u32, chunk: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    family::clear_all_err();
+    fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+    family::unlock();
+    fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+    family::enable_blocking_write();
+    fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+
+    let _on_drop = OnDrop::new(|| {
+        family::disable_blocking_write();
+        fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+        family::lock();
+    });
+
+    family::blocking_write(address, chunk.try_into().unwrap())
+}
+
+pub(super) unsafe fn write_chunk_with_critical_section(address: u32, chunk: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    critical_section::with(|_| write_chunk_unlocked(address, chunk))
+}
+
+pub(super) unsafe fn blocking_erase(
+    base: u32,
+    from: u32,
+    to: u32,
+    erase_sector: unsafe fn(&FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error>,
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
     let start_address = base + from;
     let end_address = base + to;
     let regions = family::get_flash_regions();
 
-    // Test if the address range is aligned at sector base addresses
+    ensure_sector_aligned(start_address, end_address, regions)?;
-    let mut address = start_address;
-    while address < end_address {
-        let sector = get_sector(address, regions);
-        if sector.start != address {
-            return Err(Error::Unaligned);
-        }
-        address += sector.size;
-    }
-    if address != end_address {
-        return Err(Error::Unaligned);
-    }
 
     trace!("Erasing from 0x{:x} to 0x{:x}", start_address, end_address);
 
@@ -106,25 +133,28 @@ pub(super) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sectored(base: u32, from: u32, to: u32) -> R
     while address < end_address {
         let sector = get_sector(address, regions);
         trace!("Erasing sector: {:?}", sector);
-
+        erase_sector(&sector)?;
-        critical_section::with(|_| {
-            family::clear_all_err();
-            fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
-            family::unlock();
-            fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
-
-            let _on_drop = OnDrop::new(|| {
-                family::lock();
-            });
-
-            family::blocking_erase_sector(&sector)
-        })?;
         address += sector.size;
     }
     Ok(())
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn get_sector(address: u32, regions: &[&FlashRegion]) -> FlashSector {
+pub(super) unsafe fn erase_sector_unlocked(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    family::clear_all_err();
+    fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+    family::unlock();
+    fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
+
+    let _on_drop = OnDrop::new(|| family::lock());
+
+    family::blocking_erase_sector(&sector)
+}
+
+pub(super) unsafe fn erase_sector_with_critical_section(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    critical_section::with(|_| erase_sector_unlocked(sector))
+}
+
+pub(super) fn get_sector(address: u32, regions: &[&FlashRegion]) -> FlashSector {
     let mut current_bank = FlashBank::Bank1;
     let mut bank_offset = 0;
     for region in regions {
@@ -149,29 +179,34 @@ pub(crate) fn get_sector(address: u32, regions: &[&FlashRegion]) -> FlashSector
     panic!("Flash sector not found");
 }
 
-impl FlashRegion {
+pub(super) fn ensure_sector_aligned(
-    pub fn blocking_read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    start_address: u32,
-        blocking_read(self.base, self.size, offset, bytes)
+    end_address: u32,
+    regions: &[&FlashRegion],
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let mut address = start_address;
+    while address < end_address {
+        let sector = get_sector(address, regions);
+        if sector.start != address {
+            return Err(Error::Unaligned);
         }
-
+        address += sector.size;
-    pub fn blocking_write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        unsafe { blocking_write_chunked(self.base, self.size, offset, bytes) }
     }
-
+    if address != end_address {
-    pub fn blocking_erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        return Err(Error::Unaligned);
-        unsafe { blocking_erase_sectored(self.base, from, to) }
     }
+    Ok(())
 }
 
-impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::ErrorType for Flash<'_> {
+impl<MODE> embedded_storage::nor_flash::ErrorType for Flash<'_, MODE> {
     type Error = Error;
 }
 
-impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for Flash<'_> {
+impl<MODE> embedded_storage::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for Flash<'_, MODE> {
-    const READ_SIZE: usize = 1;
+    const READ_SIZE: usize = READ_SIZE;
 
     fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
-        self.blocking_read(offset, bytes)
+        self.read(offset, bytes)
     }
 
     fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
@@ -179,7 +214,7 @@ impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for Flash<'_> {
     }
 }
 
-impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::NorFlash for Flash<'_> {
+impl<MODE> embedded_storage::nor_flash::NorFlash for Flash<'_, MODE> {
     const WRITE_SIZE: usize = WRITE_SIZE;
     const ERASE_SIZE: usize = MAX_ERASE_SIZE;
 
@@ -194,26 +229,28 @@ impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::NorFlash for Flash<'_> {
 
 foreach_flash_region! {
     ($type_name:ident, $write_size:literal, $erase_size:literal) => {
-        impl crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_> {
+        impl<MODE> crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, MODE> {
             pub fn blocking_read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
                 blocking_read(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes)
             }
+        }
 
+        impl crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, Blocking> {
             pub fn blocking_write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
-                unsafe { blocking_write_chunked(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes) }
+                unsafe { blocking_write(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes, write_chunk_with_critical_section) }
             }
 
             pub fn blocking_erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
-                unsafe { blocking_erase_sectored(self.0.base, from, to) }
+                unsafe { blocking_erase(self.0.base, from, to, erase_sector_with_critical_section) }
             }
         }
 
-        impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::ErrorType for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_> {
+        impl<MODE> embedded_storage::nor_flash::ErrorType for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, MODE> {
             type Error = Error;
         }
 
-        impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_> {
+        impl<MODE> embedded_storage::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, MODE> {
-            const READ_SIZE: usize = 1;
+            const READ_SIZE: usize = READ_SIZE;
 
             fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
                 self.blocking_read(offset, bytes)
@@ -224,7 +261,7 @@ foreach_flash_region! {
             }
         }
 
-        impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::NorFlash for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_> {
+        impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::NorFlash for crate::_generated::flash_regions::$type_name<'_, Blocking> {
             const WRITE_SIZE: usize = $write_size;
             const ERASE_SIZE: usize = $erase_size;
 

embassy-stm32/src/flash/f0.rs

@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn unlock() {
     pac::FLASH.keyr().write(|w| w.set_fkeyr(0xCDEF_89AB));
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_blocking_write() {
     assert_eq!(0, WRITE_SIZE % 2);
 
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(true));
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn end_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_blocking_write() {
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(false));
 }
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_write(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE])
         fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
     }
 
-    blocking_wait_ready()
+    wait_ready_blocking()
 }
 
 pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), E
         w.set_strt(true);
     });
 
-    let mut ret: Result<(), Error> = blocking_wait_ready();
+    let mut ret: Result<(), Error> = wait_ready_blocking();
 
     if !pac::FLASH.sr().read().eop() {
         trace!("FLASH: EOP not set");
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn clear_all_err() {
     });
 }
 
-unsafe fn blocking_wait_ready() -> Result<(), Error> {
+unsafe fn wait_ready_blocking() -> Result<(), Error> {
     loop {
         let sr = pac::FLASH.sr().read();
 

embassy-stm32/src/flash/f3.rs

@@ -22,13 +22,13 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn unlock() {
     pac::FLASH.keyr().write(|w| w.set_fkeyr(0xCDEF_89AB));
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_blocking_write() {
     assert_eq!(0, WRITE_SIZE % 2);
 
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(true));
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn end_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_blocking_write() {
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(false));
 }
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_write(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE])
         fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
     }
 
-    blocking_wait_ready()
+    wait_ready_blocking()
 }
 
 pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), E
         w.set_strt(true);
     });
 
-    let mut ret: Result<(), Error> = blocking_wait_ready();
+    let mut ret: Result<(), Error> = wait_ready_blocking();
 
     if !pac::FLASH.sr().read().eop() {
         trace!("FLASH: EOP not set");
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn clear_all_err() {
     });
 }
 
-unsafe fn blocking_wait_ready() -> Result<(), Error> {
+unsafe fn wait_ready_blocking() -> Result<(), Error> {
     loop {
         let sr = pac::FLASH.sr().read();
 

embassy-stm32/src/flash/f4.rs

@@ -2,20 +2,24 @@ use core::convert::TryInto;
 use core::ptr::write_volatile;
 use core::sync::atomic::{fence, Ordering};
 
-use super::{FlashRegion, FlashSector, FLASH_REGIONS, WRITE_SIZE};
+use atomic_polyfill::AtomicBool;
+use embassy_sync::waitqueue::AtomicWaker;
+use pac::flash::regs::Sr;
+use pac::FLASH_SIZE;
+
+use super::{FlashBank, FlashRegion, FlashSector, FLASH_REGIONS, WRITE_SIZE};
 use crate::flash::Error;
 use crate::pac;
 
 #[cfg(any(stm32f427, stm32f429, stm32f437, stm32f439, stm32f469, stm32f479))]
 mod alt_regions {
+    use core::marker::PhantomData;
+
     use embassy_hal_common::PeripheralRef;
     use stm32_metapac::FLASH_SIZE;
 
     use crate::_generated::flash_regions::{OTPRegion, BANK1_REGION1, BANK1_REGION2, BANK1_REGION3, OTP_REGION};
-    use crate::flash::{
+    use crate::flash::{asynch, Async, Bank1Region1, Bank1Region2, Blocking, Error, Flash, FlashBank, FlashRegion};
-        blocking_erase_sectored, blocking_read, blocking_write_chunked, Bank1Region1, Bank1Region2, Error, Flash,
-        FlashBank, FlashRegion,
-    };
     use crate::peripherals::FLASH;
 
     pub const ALT_BANK1_REGION3: FlashRegion = FlashRegion {
@@ -48,62 +52,87 @@ mod alt_regions {
         &ALT_BANK2_REGION3,
     ];
 
-    pub struct AltBank1Region3<'d>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>);
+    pub struct AltBank1Region3<'d, MODE = Async>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>, PhantomData<MODE>);
-    pub struct AltBank2Region1<'d>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>);
+    pub struct AltBank2Region1<'d, MODE = Async>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>, PhantomData<MODE>);
-    pub struct AltBank2Region2<'d>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>);
+    pub struct AltBank2Region2<'d, MODE = Async>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>, PhantomData<MODE>);
-    pub struct AltBank2Region3<'d>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>);
+    pub struct AltBank2Region3<'d, MODE = Async>(pub &'static FlashRegion, PeripheralRef<'d, FLASH>, PhantomData<MODE>);
 
-    pub struct AltFlashLayout<'d> {
+    pub struct AltFlashLayout<'d, MODE = Async> {
-        pub bank1_region1: Bank1Region1<'d>,
+        pub bank1_region1: Bank1Region1<'d, MODE>,
-        pub bank1_region2: Bank1Region2<'d>,
+        pub bank1_region2: Bank1Region2<'d, MODE>,
-        pub bank1_region3: AltBank1Region3<'d>,
+        pub bank1_region3: AltBank1Region3<'d, MODE>,
-        pub bank2_region1: AltBank2Region1<'d>,
+        pub bank2_region1: AltBank2Region1<'d, MODE>,
-        pub bank2_region2: AltBank2Region2<'d>,
+        pub bank2_region2: AltBank2Region2<'d, MODE>,
-        pub bank2_region3: AltBank2Region3<'d>,
+        pub bank2_region3: AltBank2Region3<'d, MODE>,
-        pub otp_region: OTPRegion<'d>,
+        pub otp_region: OTPRegion<'d, MODE>,
     }
 
     impl<'d> Flash<'d> {
-        pub fn into_alt_regions(self) -> AltFlashLayout<'d> {
+        pub fn into_alt_regions(self) -> AltFlashLayout<'d, Async> {
-            unsafe { crate::pac::FLASH.optcr().modify(|r| r.set_db1m(true)) };
+            super::set_alt_layout();
+
+            // SAFETY: We never expose the cloned peripheral references, and their instance is not public.
+            // Also, all async flash region operations are protected with a mutex.
+            let p = self.inner;
+            AltFlashLayout {
+                bank1_region1: Bank1Region1(&BANK1_REGION1, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
+                bank1_region2: Bank1Region2(&BANK1_REGION2, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
+                bank1_region3: AltBank1Region3(&ALT_BANK1_REGION3, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
+                bank2_region1: AltBank2Region1(&ALT_BANK2_REGION1, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
+                bank2_region2: AltBank2Region2(&ALT_BANK2_REGION2, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
+                bank2_region3: AltBank2Region3(&ALT_BANK2_REGION3, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
+                otp_region: OTPRegion(&OTP_REGION, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
+            }
+        }
+
+        pub fn into_alt_blocking_regions(self) -> AltFlashLayout<'d, Blocking> {
+            super::set_alt_layout();
 
             // SAFETY: We never expose the cloned peripheral references, and their instance is not public.
             // Also, all blocking flash region operations are protected with a cs.
-            let p = self.release();
+            let p = self.inner;
             AltFlashLayout {
-                bank1_region1: Bank1Region1(&BANK1_REGION1, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }),
+                bank1_region1: Bank1Region1(&BANK1_REGION1, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
-                bank1_region2: Bank1Region2(&BANK1_REGION2, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }),
+                bank1_region2: Bank1Region2(&BANK1_REGION2, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
-                bank1_region3: AltBank1Region3(&ALT_BANK1_REGION3, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }),
+                bank1_region3: AltBank1Region3(&ALT_BANK1_REGION3, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
-                bank2_region1: AltBank2Region1(&ALT_BANK2_REGION1, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }),
+                bank2_region1: AltBank2Region1(&ALT_BANK2_REGION1, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
-                bank2_region2: AltBank2Region2(&ALT_BANK2_REGION2, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }),
+                bank2_region2: AltBank2Region2(&ALT_BANK2_REGION2, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
-                bank2_region3: AltBank2Region3(&ALT_BANK2_REGION3, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }),
+                bank2_region3: AltBank2Region3(&ALT_BANK2_REGION3, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
-                otp_region: OTPRegion(&OTP_REGION, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }),
+                otp_region: OTPRegion(&OTP_REGION, unsafe { p.clone_unchecked() }, PhantomData),
             }
         }
     }
 
     macro_rules! foreach_altflash_region {
         ($type_name:ident, $region:ident) => {
-            impl $type_name<'_> {
+            impl<MODE> $type_name<'_, MODE> {
                 pub fn blocking_read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
-                    blocking_read(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes)
+                    crate::flash::common::blocking_read(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes)
-                }
-
-                pub fn blocking_write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
-                    unsafe { blocking_write_chunked(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes) }
-                }
-
-                pub fn blocking_erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
-                    unsafe { blocking_erase_sectored(self.0.base, from, to) }
                 }
             }
 
-            impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::ErrorType for $type_name<'_> {
+            impl $type_name<'_, Async> {
+                pub async fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+                    self.blocking_read(offset, bytes)
+                }
+
+                pub async fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+                    let _guard = asynch::REGION_ACCESS.lock().await;
+                    unsafe { asynch::write_chunked(self.0.base, self.0.size, offset, bytes).await }
+                }
+
+                pub async fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+                    let _guard = asynch::REGION_ACCESS.lock().await;
+                    unsafe { asynch::erase_sectored(self.0.base, from, to).await }
+                }
+            }
+
+            impl<MODE> embedded_storage::nor_flash::ErrorType for $type_name<'_, MODE> {
                 type Error = Error;
             }
 
-            impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for $type_name<'_> {
+            impl<MODE> embedded_storage::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for $type_name<'_, MODE> {
-                const READ_SIZE: usize = 1;
+                const READ_SIZE: usize = crate::flash::READ_SIZE;
 
                 fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
                     self.blocking_read(offset, bytes)
@@ -114,16 +143,30 @@ mod alt_regions {
                 }
             }
 
-            impl embedded_storage::nor_flash::NorFlash for $type_name<'_> {
+            #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+            impl embedded_storage_async::nor_flash::ReadNorFlash for $type_name<'_, Async> {
+                const READ_SIZE: usize = crate::flash::READ_SIZE;
+
+                async fn read(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &mut [u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+                    self.read(offset, bytes).await
+                }
+
+                fn capacity(&self) -> usize {
+                    self.0.size as usize
+                }
+            }
+
+            #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
+            impl embedded_storage_async::nor_flash::NorFlash for $type_name<'_, Async> {
                 const WRITE_SIZE: usize = $region.write_size as usize;
                 const ERASE_SIZE: usize = $region.erase_size as usize;
 
-                fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+                async fn write(&mut self, offset: u32, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
-                    self.blocking_write(offset, bytes)
+                    self.write(offset, bytes).await
                 }
 
-                fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
+                async fn erase(&mut self, from: u32, to: u32) -> Result<(), Self::Error> {
-                    self.blocking_erase(from, to)
+                    self.erase(from, to).await
                 }
             }
         };
@@ -138,14 +181,42 @@ mod alt_regions {
 #[cfg(any(stm32f427, stm32f429, stm32f437, stm32f439, stm32f469, stm32f479))]
 pub use alt_regions::*;
 
+static WAKER: AtomicWaker = AtomicWaker::new();
+static DATA_CACHE_WAS_ENABLED: AtomicBool = AtomicBool::new(false);
+
+impl FlashSector {
+    const fn snb(&self) -> u8 {
+        ((self.bank as u8) << 4) + self.index_in_bank
+    }
+}
+
 #[cfg(any(stm32f427, stm32f429, stm32f437, stm32f439, stm32f469, stm32f479))]
 pub fn set_default_layout() {
-    unsafe { crate::pac::FLASH.optcr().modify(|r| r.set_db1m(false)) };
+    unsafe {
+        pac::FLASH.optkeyr().write(|w| w.set_optkey(0x08192A3B));
+        pac::FLASH.optkeyr().write(|w| w.set_optkey(0x4C5D6E7F));
+        pac::FLASH.optcr().modify(|r| {
+            r.set_db1m(false);
+            r.set_optlock(true)
+        });
+    };
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(any(stm32f427, stm32f429, stm32f437, stm32f439, stm32f469, stm32f479)))]
 pub const fn set_default_layout() {}
 
+#[cfg(any(stm32f427, stm32f429, stm32f437, stm32f439, stm32f469, stm32f479))]
+fn set_alt_layout() {
+    unsafe {
+        pac::FLASH.optkeyr().write(|w| w.set_optkey(0x08192A3B));
+        pac::FLASH.optkeyr().write(|w| w.set_optkey(0x4C5D6E7F));
+        pac::FLASH.optcr().modify(|r| {
+            r.set_db1m(true);
+            r.set_optlock(true)
+        });
+    };
+}
+
 #[cfg(any(stm32f427, stm32f429, stm32f437, stm32f439, stm32f469, stm32f479))]
 pub fn get_flash_regions() -> &'static [&'static FlashRegion] {
     if unsafe { pac::FLASH.optcr().read().db1m() } {
@@ -160,17 +231,49 @@ pub const fn get_flash_regions() -> &'static [&'static FlashRegion] {
     &FLASH_REGIONS
 }
 
+pub(crate) unsafe fn on_interrupt() {
+    // Clear IRQ flags
+    pac::FLASH.sr().write(|w| {
+        w.set_operr(true);
+        w.set_eop(true);
+    });
+
+    WAKER.wake();
+}
+
 pub(crate) unsafe fn lock() {
     pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| w.set_lock(true));
 }
 
 pub(crate) unsafe fn unlock() {
-    pac::FLASH.keyr().write(|w| w.set_key(0x4567_0123));
+    pac::FLASH.keyr().write(|w| w.set_key(0x45670123));
-    pac::FLASH.keyr().write(|w| w.set_key(0xCDEF_89AB));
+    pac::FLASH.keyr().write(|w| w.set_key(0xCDEF89AB));
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_write() {
     assert_eq!(0, WRITE_SIZE % 4);
+    save_data_cache_state();
+
+    pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| {
+        w.set_pg(true);
+        w.set_psize(pac::flash::vals::Psize::PSIZE32);
+        w.set_eopie(true);
+        w.set_errie(true);
+    });
+}
+
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_write() {
+    pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| {
+        w.set_pg(false);
+        w.set_eopie(false);
+        w.set_errie(false);
+    });
+    restore_data_cache_state();
+}
+
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_blocking_write() {
+    assert_eq!(0, WRITE_SIZE % 4);
+    save_data_cache_state();
 
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| {
         w.set_pg(true);
@@ -178,11 +281,22 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
     });
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn end_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_blocking_write() {
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(false));
+    restore_data_cache_state();
+}
+
+pub(crate) async unsafe fn write(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    write_start(start_address, buf);
+    wait_ready().await
 }
 
 pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_write(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE]) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    write_start(start_address, buf);
+    blocking_wait_ready()
+}
+
+unsafe fn write_start(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE]) {
     let mut address = start_address;
     for val in buf.chunks(4) {
         write_volatile(address as *mut u32, u32::from_le_bytes(val.try_into().unwrap()));
@@ -191,16 +305,42 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_write(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE])
         // prevents parallelism errors
         fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
     }
-
-    blocking_wait_ready()
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
+pub(crate) async unsafe fn erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    let snb = ((sector.bank as u8) << 4) + sector.index_in_bank;
+    save_data_cache_state();
+
+    trace!("Erasing sector number {}", sector.snb());
 
     pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| {
         w.set_ser(true);
-        w.set_snb(snb)
+        w.set_snb(sector.snb());
+        w.set_eopie(true);
+        w.set_errie(true);
+    });
+
+    pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| {
+        w.set_strt(true);
+    });
+
+    let ret: Result<(), Error> = wait_ready().await;
+    pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| {
+        w.set_eopie(false);
+        w.set_errie(false);
+    });
+    clear_all_err();
+    restore_data_cache_state();
+    ret
+}
+
+pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    save_data_cache_state();
+
+    trace!("Blocking erasing sector number {}", sector.snb());
+
+    pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| {
+        w.set_ser(true);
+        w.set_snb(sector.snb())
     });
 
     pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| {
@@ -208,9 +348,8 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), E
     });
 
     let ret: Result<(), Error> = blocking_wait_ready();
-
     clear_all_err();
-
+    restore_data_cache_state();
     ret
 }
 
@@ -220,33 +359,147 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn clear_all_err() {
         w.set_pgperr(true);
         w.set_pgaerr(true);
         w.set_wrperr(true);
-        w.set_eop(true);
     });
 }
 
+pub(crate) async unsafe fn wait_ready() -> Result<(), Error> {
+    use core::task::Poll;
+
+    use futures::future::poll_fn;
+
+    poll_fn(|cx| {
+        WAKER.register(cx.waker());
+
+        let sr = pac::FLASH.sr().read();
+        if !sr.bsy() {
+            Poll::Ready(get_result(sr))
+        } else {
+            return Poll::Pending;
+        }
+    })
+    .await
+}
+
 unsafe fn blocking_wait_ready() -> Result<(), Error> {
     loop {
         let sr = pac::FLASH.sr().read();
 
         if !sr.bsy() {
+            return get_result(sr);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn get_result(sr: Sr) -> Result<(), Error> {
     if sr.pgserr() {
-                return Err(Error::Seq);
+        Err(Error::Seq)
+    } else if sr.pgperr() {
+        Err(Error::Parallelism)
+    } else if sr.pgaerr() {
+        Err(Error::Unaligned)
+    } else if sr.wrperr() {
+        Err(Error::Protected)
+    } else {
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+fn save_data_cache_state() {
+    let dual_bank = get_flash_regions().last().unwrap().bank == FlashBank::Bank2;
+    if dual_bank {
+        // Disable data cache during write/erase if there are two banks, see errata 2.2.12
+        let dcen = unsafe { pac::FLASH.acr().read().dcen() };
+        DATA_CACHE_WAS_ENABLED.store(dcen, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        if dcen {
+            unsafe { pac::FLASH.acr().modify(|w| w.set_dcen(false)) };
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn restore_data_cache_state() {
+    let dual_bank = get_flash_regions().last().unwrap().bank == FlashBank::Bank2;
+    if dual_bank {
+        // Restore data cache if it was enabled
+        let dcen = DATA_CACHE_WAS_ENABLED.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        if dcen {
+            unsafe {
+                // Reset data cache before we enable it again
+                pac::FLASH.acr().modify(|w| w.set_dcrst(true));
+                pac::FLASH.acr().modify(|w| w.set_dcrst(false));
+                pac::FLASH.acr().modify(|w| w.set_dcen(true))
+            };
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn assert_not_corrupted_read(end_address: u32) {
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    const REVISION_3: u16 = 0x2001;
+
+    #[allow(unused)]
+    let second_bank_read =
+        get_flash_regions().last().unwrap().bank == FlashBank::Bank2 && end_address > (FLASH_SIZE / 2) as u32;
+
+    #[cfg(any(
+        feature = "stm32f427ai",
+        feature = "stm32f427ii",
+        feature = "stm32f427vi",
+        feature = "stm32f427zi",
+        feature = "stm32f429ai",
+        feature = "stm32f429bi",
+        feature = "stm32f429ii",
+        feature = "stm32f429ni",
+        feature = "stm32f429vi",
+        feature = "stm32f429zi",
+        feature = "stm32f437ai",
+        feature = "stm32f437ii",
+        feature = "stm32f437vi",
+        feature = "stm32f437zi",
+        feature = "stm32f439ai",
+        feature = "stm32f439bi",
+        feature = "stm32f439ii",
+        feature = "stm32f439ni",
+        feature = "stm32f439vi",
+        feature = "stm32f439zi",
+    ))]
+    if second_bank_read && unsafe { pac::DBGMCU.idcode().read().rev_id() < REVISION_3 && !pa12_is_output_pull_low() } {
+        panic!("Read corruption for stm32f42xxI and stm32f43xxI when PA12 is in use for chips below revision 3, see errata 2.2.11");
     }
 
-            if sr.pgperr() {
+    #[cfg(any(
-                return Err(Error::Parallelism);
+        feature = "stm32f427ag",
+        feature = "stm32f427ig",
+        feature = "stm32f427vg",
+        feature = "stm32f427zg",
+        feature = "stm32f429ag",
+        feature = "stm32f429bg",
+        feature = "stm32f429ig",
+        feature = "stm32f429ng",
+        feature = "stm32f429vg",
+        feature = "stm32f429zg",
+        feature = "stm32f437ig",
+        feature = "stm32f437vg",
+        feature = "stm32f437zg",
+        feature = "stm32f439bg",
+        feature = "stm32f439ig",
+        feature = "stm32f439ng",
+        feature = "stm32f439vg",
+        feature = "stm32f439zg",
+    ))]
+    if second_bank_read && unsafe { pac::DBGMCU.idcode().read().rev_id() < REVISION_3 && !pa12_is_output_pull_low() } {
+        panic!("Read corruption for stm32f42xxG and stm32f43xxG in dual bank mode when PA12 is in use for chips below revision 3, see errata 2.2.11");
     }
+}
 
-            if sr.pgaerr() {
+#[allow(unused)]
-                return Err(Error::Unaligned);
+fn pa12_is_output_pull_low() -> bool {
-            }
+    use pac::gpio::vals;
-
+    use pac::GPIOA;
-            if sr.wrperr() {
+    const PIN: usize = 12;
-                return Err(Error::Protected);
+    unsafe {
-            }
+        GPIOA.moder().read().moder(PIN) == vals::Moder::OUTPUT
-
+            && GPIOA.pupdr().read().pupdr(PIN) == vals::Pupdr::PULLDOWN
-            return Ok(());
+            && GPIOA.odr().read().odr(PIN) == vals::Odr::LOW
-        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -257,12 +510,14 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     #[cfg(stm32f429)]
-    fn can_get_sector_single_bank() {
+    fn can_get_sector() {
         const SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE: u32 = 16 * 1024;
         const MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE: u32 = 64 * 1024;
         const LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE: u32 = 128 * 1024;
 
-        let assert_sector = |index_in_bank: u8, start: u32, size: u32, address: u32| {
+        let assert_sector = |snb: u8, index_in_bank: u8, start: u32, size: u32, address: u32| {
+            let sector = get_sector(address, &FLASH_REGIONS);
+            assert_eq!(snb, sector.snb());
             assert_eq!(
                 FlashSector {
                     bank: FlashBank::Bank1,
@@ -270,24 +525,26 @@ mod tests {
                     start,
                     size
                 },
-                get_sector(address, &FLASH_REGIONS)
+                sector
-            )
+            );
         };
 
-        assert_sector(0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x00, 0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_0000);
-        assert_sector(0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_3FFF);
+        assert_sector(0x00, 0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_3FFF);
-        assert_sector(3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_C000);
+        assert_sector(0x03, 3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_C000);
-        assert_sector(3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x03, 3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_FFFF);
 
-        assert_sector(4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x04, 4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_0000);
-        assert_sector(4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x04, 4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_FFFF);
 
-        assert_sector(5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0802_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x05, 5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0802_0000);
-        assert_sector(5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0803_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x05, 5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0803_FFFF);
-        assert_sector(11, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080E_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x0B, 11, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080E_0000);
-        assert_sector(11, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080F_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x0B, 11, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080F_FFFF);
 
-        let assert_sector = |bank: FlashBank, index_in_bank: u8, start: u32, size: u32, address: u32| {
+        let assert_sector = |snb: u8, bank: FlashBank, index_in_bank: u8, start: u32, size: u32, address: u32| {
+            let sector = get_sector(address, &ALT_FLASH_REGIONS);
+            assert_eq!(snb, sector.snb());
             assert_eq!(
                 FlashSector {
                     bank,
@@ -295,34 +552,34 @@ mod tests {
                     start,
                     size
                 },
-                get_sector(address, &ALT_FLASH_REGIONS)
+                sector
             )
         };
 
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x00, FlashBank::Bank1, 0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_3FFF);
+        assert_sector(0x00, FlashBank::Bank1, 0, 0x0800_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_3FFF);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_C000);
+        assert_sector(0x03, FlashBank::Bank1, 3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_C000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x03, FlashBank::Bank1, 3, 0x0800_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0800_FFFF);
 
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x04, FlashBank::Bank1, 4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x04, FlashBank::Bank1, 4, 0x0801_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0801_FFFF);
 
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0802_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x05, FlashBank::Bank1, 5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0802_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0803_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x05, FlashBank::Bank1, 5, 0x0802_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0803_FFFF);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 7, 0x0806_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0806_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x07, FlashBank::Bank1, 7, 0x0806_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0806_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank1, 7, 0x0806_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0807_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x07, FlashBank::Bank1, 7, 0x0806_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0807_FFFF);
 
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 0, 0x0808_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x10, FlashBank::Bank2, 0, 0x0808_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 0, 0x0808_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_3FFF);
+        assert_sector(0x10, FlashBank::Bank2, 0, 0x0808_0000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_3FFF);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 3, 0x0808_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_C000);
+        assert_sector(0x13, FlashBank::Bank2, 3, 0x0808_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_C000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 3, 0x0808_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x13, FlashBank::Bank2, 3, 0x0808_C000, SMALL_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0808_FFFF);
 
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 4, 0x0809_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0809_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x14, FlashBank::Bank2, 4, 0x0809_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0809_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 4, 0x0809_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0809_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x14, FlashBank::Bank2, 4, 0x0809_0000, MEDIUM_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x0809_FFFF);
 
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 5, 0x080A_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080A_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x15, FlashBank::Bank2, 5, 0x080A_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080A_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 5, 0x080A_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080B_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x15, FlashBank::Bank2, 5, 0x080A_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080B_FFFF);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 7, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080E_0000);
+        assert_sector(0x17, FlashBank::Bank2, 7, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080E_0000);
-        assert_sector(FlashBank::Bank2, 7, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080F_FFFF);
+        assert_sector(0x17, FlashBank::Bank2, 7, 0x080E_0000, LARGE_SECTOR_SIZE, 0x080F_FFFF);
     }
 }

embassy-stm32/src/flash/f7.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn unlock() {
     pac::FLASH.keyr().write(|w| w.set_key(0xCDEF_89AB));
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_blocking_write() {
     assert_eq!(0, WRITE_SIZE % 4);
 
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| {
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
     });
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn end_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_blocking_write() {
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(false));
 }
 
@@ -58,11 +58,8 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), E
     });
 
     let ret: Result<(), Error> = blocking_wait_ready();
-
     pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| w.set_ser(false));
-
     clear_all_err();
-
     ret
 }
 

embassy-stm32/src/flash/h7.rs

@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn unlock() {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_blocking_write() {
     assert_eq!(0, WRITE_SIZE % 4);
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn end_write() {}
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_blocking_write() {}
 
 pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_write(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE]) -> Result<(), Error> {
     // We cannot have the write setup sequence in begin_write as it depends on the address
@@ -92,11 +92,8 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), E
     });
 
     let ret: Result<(), Error> = blocking_wait_ready(bank);
-
     bank.cr().modify(|w| w.set_ser(false));
-
     bank_clear_all_err(bank);
-
     ret
 }
 

embassy-stm32/src/flash/l.rs

@@ -41,14 +41,14 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn unlock() {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_blocking_write() {
     assert_eq!(0, WRITE_SIZE % 4);
 
     #[cfg(any(flash_wl, flash_wb, flash_l4))]
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(true));
 }
 
-pub(crate) unsafe fn end_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_blocking_write() {
     #[cfg(any(flash_wl, flash_wb, flash_l4))]
     pac::FLASH.cr().write(|w| w.set_pg(false));
 }
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_write(start_address: u32, buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE])
         fence(Ordering::SeqCst);
     }
 
-    blocking_wait_ready()
+    wait_ready_blocking()
 }
 
 pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), Error> {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), E
         });
     }
 
-    let ret: Result<(), Error> = blocking_wait_ready();
+    let ret: Result<(), Error> = wait_ready_blocking();
 
     #[cfg(any(flash_wl, flash_wb, flash_l4))]
     pac::FLASH.cr().modify(|w| w.set_per(false));
@@ -108,7 +108,6 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_erase_sector(sector: &FlashSector) -> Result<(), E
     });
 
     clear_all_err();
-
     ret
 }
 
@@ -150,7 +149,7 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn clear_all_err() {
     });
 }
 
-unsafe fn blocking_wait_ready() -> Result<(), Error> {
+unsafe fn wait_ready_blocking() -> Result<(), Error> {
     loop {
         let sr = pac::FLASH.sr().read();
 

embassy-stm32/src/flash/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{NorFlashError, NorFlashErrorKind};
 
+#[cfg(flash_f4)]
+mod asynch;
 #[cfg(flash)]
 mod common;
 
+#[cfg(flash_f4)]
+pub use asynch::InterruptHandler;
 #[cfg(flash)]
 pub use common::*;
 
@@ -10,6 +14,11 @@ pub use crate::_generated::flash_regions::*;
 pub use crate::_generated::MAX_ERASE_SIZE;
 pub use crate::pac::{FLASH_BASE, FLASH_SIZE, WRITE_SIZE};
 
+pub const READ_SIZE: usize = 1;
+
+pub struct Blocking;
+pub struct Async;
+
 #[derive(Debug)]
 #[cfg_attr(feature = "defmt", derive(defmt::Format))]
 pub struct FlashRegion {

embassy-stm32/src/flash/other.rs

@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ pub(crate) unsafe fn lock() {
 pub(crate) unsafe fn unlock() {
     unimplemented!();
 }
-pub(crate) unsafe fn begin_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn enable_blocking_write() {
     unimplemented!();
 }
-pub(crate) unsafe fn end_write() {
+pub(crate) unsafe fn disable_blocking_write() {
     unimplemented!();
 }
 pub(crate) unsafe fn blocking_write(_start_address: u32, _buf: &[u8; WRITE_SIZE]) -> Result<(), Error> {

examples/boot/application/rp/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ async fn main(_s: Spawner) {
     let mut watchdog = Watchdog::new(p.WATCHDOG);
     watchdog.start(Duration::from_secs(8));
 
-    let mut flash: Flash<_, FLASH_SIZE> = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let mut flash: Flash<_, FLASH_SIZE> = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
 
     let mut updater = FirmwareUpdater::default();
 

examples/boot/application/stm32f3/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ static APP_B: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../b.bin");
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
-    let flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let flash = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
     let mut flash = BlockingAsync::new(flash);
 
     let button = Input::new(p.PC13, Pull::Up);

examples/boot/application/stm32f7/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static APP_B: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../b.bin");
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
-    let mut flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let mut flash = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
 
     let button = Input::new(p.PC13, Pull::Down);
     let mut button = ExtiInput::new(button, p.EXTI13);

examples/boot/application/stm32h7/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ static APP_B: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../b.bin");
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
-    let mut flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let mut flash = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
 
     let button = Input::new(p.PC13, Pull::Down);
     let mut button = ExtiInput::new(button, p.EXTI13);

examples/boot/application/stm32l0/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ static APP_B: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../b.bin");
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
-    let flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let flash = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
     let mut flash = BlockingAsync::new(flash);
 
     let button = Input::new(p.PB2, Pull::Up);

examples/boot/application/stm32l1/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ static APP_B: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../b.bin");
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
-    let flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let flash = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
     let mut flash = BlockingAsync::new(flash);
 
     let button = Input::new(p.PB2, Pull::Up);

examples/boot/application/stm32l4/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ static APP_B: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../b.bin");
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
-    let flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let flash = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
     let mut flash = BlockingAsync::new(flash);
 
     let button = Input::new(p.PC13, Pull::Up);

examples/boot/application/stm32wl/src/bin/a.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ static APP_B: &[u8] = include_bytes!("../../b.bin");
 #[embassy_executor::main]
 async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
-    let flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let flash = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
     let mut flash = BlockingAsync::new(flash);
 
     let button = Input::new(p.PA0, Pull::Up);

examples/boot/bootloader/stm32/src/main.rs

@@ -20,8 +20,7 @@ fn main() -> ! {
     */
 
     let mut bl: BootLoader<2048> = BootLoader::default();
-    let flash = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let layout = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH).into_blocking_regions();
-    let layout = flash.into_regions();
     let mut flash = BootFlash::new(layout.bank1_region);
     let start = bl.prepare(&mut SingleFlashConfig::new(&mut flash));
     core::mem::drop(flash);

examples/stm32f3/src/bin/flash.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 use defmt::{info, unwrap};
 use embassy_executor::Spawner;
 use embassy_stm32::flash::Flash;
-use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{NorFlash, ReadNorFlash};
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
 
 #[embassy_executor::main]
@@ -15,27 +14,27 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
 
     const ADDR: u32 = 0x26000;
 
-    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH).into_regions().bank1_region;
+    let mut f = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH).into_blocking_regions().bank1_region;
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Erasing...");
-    unwrap!(f.erase(ADDR, ADDR + 2048));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_erase(ADDR, ADDR + 2048));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read after erase: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Writing...");
-    unwrap!(f.write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
     assert_eq!(&buf[..], &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]);
 }

examples/stm32f4/src/bin/flash.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 use defmt::{info, unwrap};
 use embassy_executor::Spawner;
-use embassy_stm32::flash::Flash;
+use embassy_stm32::flash::{Blocking, Flash};
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
 
 #[embassy_executor::main]
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
 
     // Once can also call `into_regions()` to get access to NorFlash implementations
     // for each of the unique characteristics.
-    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH);
+    let mut f = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH);
 
     // Sector 5
     test_flash(&mut f, 128 * 1024, 128 * 1024);
@@ -26,12 +26,12 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     test_flash(&mut f, (2048 - 128) * 1024, 128 * 1024);
 }
 
-fn test_flash(f: &mut Flash, offset: u32, size: u32) {
+fn test_flash(f: &mut Flash<'_, Blocking>, offset: u32, size: u32) {
     info!("Testing offset: {=u32:#X}, size: {=u32:#X}", offset, size);
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(offset, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.read(offset, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Erasing...");
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ fn test_flash(f: &mut Flash, offset: u32, size: u32) {
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(offset, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.read(offset, &mut buf));
     info!("Read after erase: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Writing...");
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ fn test_flash(f: &mut Flash, offset: u32, size: u32) {
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(offset, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.read(offset, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
     assert_eq!(
         &buf[..],

examples/stm32f4/src/bin/flash_async.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+#![no_std]
+#![no_main]
+#![feature(type_alias_impl_trait)]
+
+use defmt::{info, unwrap};
+use embassy_executor::Spawner;
+use embassy_stm32::bind_interrupts;
+use embassy_stm32::flash::{Flash, InterruptHandler};
+use embassy_stm32::gpio::{AnyPin, Level, Output, Pin, Speed};
+use embassy_time::{Duration, Timer};
+use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
+
+bind_interrupts!(struct Irqs {
+    FLASH => InterruptHandler;
+});
+
+#[embassy_executor::main]
+async fn main(spawner: Spawner) {
+    let p = embassy_stm32::init(Default::default());
+    info!("Hello Flash!");
+
+    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH, Irqs);
+
+    // Led should blink uninterrupted during ~2sec erase operation
+    spawner.spawn(blinky(p.PB7.degrade())).unwrap();
+
+    // Test on bank 2 in order not to stall CPU.
+    test_flash(&mut f, 1024 * 1024, 128 * 1024).await;
+}
+
+#[embassy_executor::task]
+async fn blinky(p: AnyPin) {
+    let mut led = Output::new(p, Level::High, Speed::Low);
+
+    loop {
+        info!("high");
+        led.set_high();
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(300)).await;
+
+        info!("low");
+        led.set_low();
+        Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(300)).await;
+    }
+}
+
+async fn test_flash<'a>(f: &mut Flash<'a>, offset: u32, size: u32) {
+    info!("Testing offset: {=u32:#X}, size: {=u32:#X}", offset, size);
+
+    info!("Reading...");
+    let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
+    unwrap!(f.read(offset, &mut buf));
+    info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
+
+    info!("Erasing...");
+    unwrap!(f.erase(offset, offset + size).await);
+
+    info!("Reading...");
+    let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
+    unwrap!(f.read(offset, &mut buf));
+    info!("Read after erase: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
+
+    info!("Writing...");
+    unwrap!(
+        f.write(
+            offset,
+            &[
+                1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28,
+                29, 30, 31, 32
+            ]
+        )
+        .await
+    );
+
+    info!("Reading...");
+    let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
+    unwrap!(f.read(offset, &mut buf));
+    info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
+    assert_eq!(
+        &buf[..],
+        &[
+            1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
+            30, 31, 32
+        ]
+    );
+}

examples/stm32f7/src/bin/flash.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ use defmt::{info, unwrap};
 use embassy_executor::Spawner;
 use embassy_stm32::flash::Flash;
 use embassy_time::{Duration, Timer};
-use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{NorFlash, ReadNorFlash};
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
 
 #[embassy_executor::main]
@@ -19,23 +18,23 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     // wait a bit before accessing the flash
     Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(300)).await;
 
-    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH).into_regions().bank1_region3;
+    let mut f = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH).into_blocking_regions().bank1_region3;
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Erasing...");
-    unwrap!(f.erase(ADDR, ADDR + 256 * 1024));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_erase(ADDR, ADDR + 256 * 1024));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read after erase: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Writing...");
-    unwrap!(f.write(
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_write(
         ADDR,
         &[
             1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
     assert_eq!(
         &buf[..],

examples/stm32h7/src/bin/flash.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ use defmt::{info, unwrap};
 use embassy_executor::Spawner;
 use embassy_stm32::flash::Flash;
 use embassy_time::{Duration, Timer};
-use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{NorFlash, ReadNorFlash};
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
 
 #[embassy_executor::main]
@@ -19,23 +18,23 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
     // wait a bit before accessing the flash
     Timer::after(Duration::from_millis(300)).await;
 
-    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH).into_regions().bank2_region;
+    let mut f = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH).into_blocking_regions().bank2_region;
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Erasing...");
-    unwrap!(f.erase(ADDR, ADDR + 128 * 1024));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_erase(ADDR, ADDR + 128 * 1024));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read after erase: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Writing...");
-    unwrap!(f.write(
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_write(
         ADDR,
         &[
             1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29,
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 32];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
     assert_eq!(
         &buf[..],

examples/stm32l0/src/bin/flash.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 use defmt::{info, unwrap};
 use embassy_executor::Spawner;
 use embassy_stm32::flash::Flash;
-use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{NorFlash, ReadNorFlash};
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
 
 #[embassy_executor::main]
@@ -15,27 +14,27 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
 
     const ADDR: u32 = 0x26000;
 
-    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH).into_regions().bank1_region;
+    let mut f = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH).into_blocking_regions().bank1_region;
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Erasing...");
-    unwrap!(f.erase(ADDR, ADDR + 128));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_erase(ADDR, ADDR + 128));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read after erase: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Writing...");
-    unwrap!(f.write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
     assert_eq!(&buf[..], &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]);
 }

examples/stm32l1/src/bin/flash.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 use defmt::{info, unwrap};
 use embassy_executor::Spawner;
 use embassy_stm32::flash::Flash;
-use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{NorFlash, ReadNorFlash};
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
 
 #[embassy_executor::main]
@@ -15,27 +14,27 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
 
     const ADDR: u32 = 0x26000;
 
-    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH).into_regions().bank1_region;
+    let mut f = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH).into_blocking_regions().bank1_region;
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Erasing...");
-    unwrap!(f.erase(ADDR, ADDR + 256));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_erase(ADDR, ADDR + 256));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read after erase: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Writing...");
-    unwrap!(f.write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
     assert_eq!(&buf[..], &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]);
 }

examples/stm32wl/src/bin/flash.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 use defmt::{info, unwrap};
 use embassy_executor::Spawner;
 use embassy_stm32::flash::Flash;
-use embedded_storage::nor_flash::{NorFlash, ReadNorFlash};
 use {defmt_rtt as _, panic_probe as _};
 
 #[embassy_executor::main]
@@ -15,27 +14,27 @@ async fn main(_spawner: Spawner) {
 
     const ADDR: u32 = 0x36000;
 
-    let mut f = Flash::new(p.FLASH).into_regions().bank1_region;
+    let mut f = Flash::new_blocking(p.FLASH).into_blocking_regions().bank1_region;
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Erasing...");
-    unwrap!(f.erase(ADDR, ADDR + 2048));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_erase(ADDR, ADDR + 2048));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
 
     info!("Writing...");
-    unwrap!(f.write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_write(ADDR, &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
 
     info!("Reading...");
     let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
-    unwrap!(f.read(ADDR, &mut buf));
+    unwrap!(f.blocking_read(ADDR, &mut buf));
     info!("Read: {=[u8]:x}", buf);
     assert_eq!(&buf[..], &[1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]);
 }